Definition
Change in Supply
A change in supply refers to a shift in the supply curve, indicating that the supply of a good or service has altered due to variations in external factors. These factors can include changes in production costs, advances in technology, policy modifications, or alterations in the number of suppliers. It represents a new supply curve, either shifting left if supply decreases or right if supply increases.
Change in Quantity Supplied
A change in quantity supplied, on the other hand, is a movement along the existing supply curve and occurs in response to changes in the price of the good or service itself, while other factors remain constant. It indicates how much more or less of a good producers are willing to supply at different price points.
Examples
Change in Supply:
- Technological Advancements: Introduction of automated machinery in a factory reduces production costs, thereby increasing the supply. The supply curve shifts to the right.
- Input Costs: A rise in raw material costs makes production more expensive, decreasing supply. The supply curve shifts to the left.
Change in Quantity Supplied:
- Price Increase: An increase in the price of oranges leads to farmers supplying more oranges onto the market. Movement occurs along the supply curve upwards.
- Price Decrease: A decrease in the price of bread results in bakers supplying less bread. Movement occurs along the supply curve downwards.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: What causes a change in supply?
A: Changes in supply are typically caused by factors such as technological advancements, variations in production costs, new market entrants or exits, and government policies related to taxation and subsidies.
Q2: What indicates a movement along the supply curve?
A: Movement along the supply curve is driven by price changes of the good or service itself, keeping other factors constant. This is referred to as a change in quantity supplied.
Q3: Can a change in government policy affect supply?
A: Yes, changes in government policies, such as new subsidies or tariffs, can influence the cost structure and production choices of suppliers, leading to a change in supply.
- Supply Curve: A graphical representation showing the quantity of a good that producers are willing to supply at various prices.
- Demand Curve: A graphical representation showing the quantity of a good that consumers are willing to buy at various prices.
- Market Equilibrium: The point where the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied, resulting in a stable market price.
Online References
- Investopedia - Supply
- Wikipedia - Supply and Demand
- Khan Academy - Shifts in Supply & Demand
Suggested Books for Further Studies
- “Economics” by Paul Samuelson and William Nordhaus
- “Principles of Economics” by N. Gregory Mankiw
- “Microeconomics” by Robert S. Pindyck and Daniel L. Rubinfeld
Fundamentals of Supply: Economics Basics Quiz
### Which term refers to a shift in the supply curve due to changes in factors like production costs and technology?
- [x] Change in supply
- [ ] Change in quantity supplied
- [ ] Market equilibrium
- [ ] Price substitution
> **Explanation:** A change in supply is indicated by a shift in the supply curve due to factors not related to the good's price, such as production technology and input costs.
### What does a movement along the supply curve indicate?
- [ ] Change in regulations
- [ ] Technological innovations
- [x] Change in the price of the good
- [ ] Subsidies
> **Explanation:** A movement along the supply curve indicates a change in the quantity supplied primarily due to a change in the price of the good.
### Which scenario most likely represents a change in supply?
- [ ] Increased consumer demand
- [ ] Better production technology
- [x] Government implementing a new subsidy for corn farmers
- [ ] Higher prices for wheat
> **Explanation:** A government implementing a new subsidy for corn farmers changes the overall production cost, resulting in a shift in the supply curve.
### What will likely occur with an increase in the price of a product?
- [x] Increase in quantity supplied
- [ ] Decrease in quantity supplied
- [ ] Shift in supply curve to the left
- [ ] Change in production technology
> **Explanation:** An increase in the price of a product will typically result in an increase in the quantity supplied, moving along the existing supply curve.
### What factor is unlikely to cause a shift in the supply curve?
- [ ] Change in production technology
- [ ] Increase in the number of suppliers
- [x] Change in consumer preferences
- [ ] Change in input prices
> **Explanation:** Change in consumer preferences affects the demand side, not the supply side, so it is unlikely to cause a shift in the supply curve.
### If the cost of raw materials decreases, what is the expected result on the supply curve?
- [x] Shift to the right
- [ ] Shift to the left
- [ ] Movement upward along the curve
- [ ] No change
> **Explanation:** A decrease in raw material costs generally makes production cheaper, increasing supply, and shifting the supply curve to the right.
### What is the term for when suppliers are willing to supply more goods when prices rise?
- [ ] Price elasticity
- [ ] Externality
- [x] Law of supply
- [ ] Subsidy
> **Explanation:** The term is the law of supply, which states that, all else being equal, an increase in price results in an increase in quantity supplied.
### Which will not affect a change in supply?
- [ ] New technology
- [ ] Number of suppliers
- [x] Consumer income levels
- [ ] Input prices
> **Explanation:** Consumer income levels affect demand rather than supply. Supply factors include new technology, number of suppliers, and input prices.
### What describes a decrease in the quantity supplied due to a fall in the market price?
- [ ] Supply curve shift right
- [x] Movement down the supply curve
- [ ] Increase in production technology
- [ ] Market expansion
> **Explanation:** A decrease in quantity supplied due to a fall in market price is represented by a movement down the supply curve.
### How does a government subsidy typically affect the supply curve?
- [ ] Shift leftward
- [x] Shift rightward
- [ ] No effect
- [ ] Vertical shift
> **Explanation:** A government subsidy typically reduces production costs, prompting an increase in supply and causing the supply curve to shift rightward.
Thank you for exploring the intricacies of supply changes and their graphical representations. Continue your studies and strengthen your grasp on these fundamental economic principles!
