Directed Verdict

Definition

A Directed Verdict is a verdict rendered by the jury following the specific direction of the trial judge. In both civil and criminal trials, a directed verdict happens when the judge determines that no reasonable jury could reach a decision to the contrary based on the evidence presented.

In civil cases, either party may be granted a directed verdict if the opposing party fails to present a prima facie case or necessary defense.

Examples

Civil Case Directed Verdict: If a plaintiff in a civil lawsuit fails to provide sufficient evidence that could support a reasonable jury finding in their favor, the defendant may request a directed verdict. If granted, the judge will instruct the jury to return a verdict in favor of the defendant.
Criminal Case Directed Verdict: In criminal trials, if the prosecution fails to present enough evidence to sustain a guilty verdict, the defense can request a directed verdict of acquittal. If the judge agrees, they will instruct the jury to acquit the defendant.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the purpose of a directed verdict?

The purpose of a directed verdict is to prevent unnecessary jury deliberation when it is clear that only one verdict is legally possible based on the presented evidence.

Can a directed verdict be overturned?

Yes, a directed verdict can be appealed by the party against whom it was directed. If an appellate court finds that the judge erred in granting the directed verdict, it can be reversed.

When can a party request a directed verdict?

A request for a directed verdict can typically be made at various stages during a trial, most commonly after the opposing party has presented its case in chief.

Is a directed verdict final?

A directed verdict is generally final and results in the conclusion of the trial regarding that issue unless appealed successfully.

Prima Facie

A prima facie case is a cause of action or defense that is sufficiently established by a party’s evidence to justify a verdict in their favor, provided such evidence is not rebutted by the opposing party.

Summary Judgment

Summary Judgment is a judgment entered by a court for one party against another party without a full trial, often because there are no material facts in dispute.

Judgment as a Matter of Law (JMOL)

A Judgment as a Matter of Law (JMOL) is another term for a directed verdict, commonly used in federal court.

Motion to Dismiss

A Motion to Dismiss is a formal request for a court to dismiss a case on the grounds that the legal claim is not valid.

Online References

Fundamentals of Directed Verdict: Law Basics Quiz

### What is a directed verdict? - [ ] A verdict given by a judge without jury involvement. - [ ] A verdict based on the majority vote of the jury. - [ ] A verdict rendered by the jury following the judge's direction. - [x] A verdict rendered by the jury following the judge's direction when no reasonable jury could decide otherwise based on the evidence. > **Explanation:** A directed verdict is a verdict rendered by the jury following the judge's direction when no reasonable jury could decide otherwise based on the evidence presented. ### At what point during a trial can a directed verdict be requested? - [ ] Before the trial begins. - [x] After the opposing party has presented its case. - [ ] Only after the jury deliberates. - [ ] During witness cross-examination. > **Explanation:** A directed verdict is typically requested after the opposing party has presented its case-in-chief. ### Which party can request a directed verdict in a civil case? - [ ] Only the plaintiff. - [ ] Only the judge. - [ ] Only the jury. - [x] Either party. > **Explanation:** In a civil case, either party can request a directed verdict if they believe that the opposing party has failed to present a prima facie case or necessary defense. ### What ruling must a judge make for a directed verdict to occur? - [ ] That there is enough evidence for the case to proceed. - [x] That no reasonable jury could find in favor of the opposing party based on the presented evidence. - [ ] That all evidence must be re-examined. - [ ] That the case must continue to a further stage. > **Explanation:** For a directed verdict to occur, the judge must rule that no reasonable jury could find in favor of the opposing party based on the evidence presented. ### What term is used by federal courts instead of directed verdict? - [ ] Motion to Dismiss - [ ] Prima Facie - [ ] Summary Judgment - [x] Judgment as a Matter of Law (JMOL) > **Explanation:** Federal courts commonly use the term Judgment as a Matter of Law (JMOL) instead of directed verdict. ### Can a directed verdict lead to the end of the trial when granted? - [x] Yes, it generally leads to the conclusion of the trial on the particular issue. - [ ] No, it extends the trial length. - [ ] It always proceeds to an appeal immediately. - [ ] It often requires jury reconsideration. > **Explanation:** When a directed verdict is granted, it generally leads to the conclusion of the trial on the particular issue unless there is a successful appeal. ### What must the opposing party provide to counter a request for a directed verdict? - [x] Sufficient evidence for a reasonable jury to find in their favor. - [ ] Argument from their lawyer. - [ ] A motion to vacate the trial. - [ ] Character witnesses. > **Explanation:** To counter a request for a directed verdict, the opposing party must provide sufficient evidence for a reasonable jury to find in their favor. ### Can a directed verdict be appealed? - [x] Yes, the party against whom the directed verdict was ruled can appeal the decision. - [ ] No, directed verdicts are final and binding. - [ ] Yes, but only if the jury disagrees. - [ ] It can be overturned by the same judge only. > **Explanation:** A directed verdict can be appealed by the party against whom it was ruled, and an appellate court can reverse the decision if the judge's ruling is found to be erroneous. ### Why might a judge issue a directed verdict? - [x] To avoid wasting the court's time when the outcome is evident. - [ ] To extend the litigation process. - [ ] To comply with jury requests. - [ ] To facilitate witness testimonies. > **Explanation:** A judge might issue a directed verdict to avoid wasting the court's time when it is evident that only one verdict is legally possible based on the presented evidence. ### Which defense motion often accompanies a directed verdict in criminal cases? - [x] Motion for Judgment of Acquittal - [ ] Motion to Suppress Evidence - [ ] Motion for a New Trial - [ ] Motion to Vacate Conviction > **Explanation:** In criminal cases, a defense attorney might accompany a directed verdict request with a Motion for Judgment of Acquittal if the prosecution fails to provide sufficient evidence for a conviction.

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