Overview
A job shop is a type of manufacturing system where products are made to order. This means that each job is unique and the production process is tailored to the specific requirements of each customer. Unlike mass production systems where products are made for inventory based on anticipated demand, job shops produce goods only when an order is received.
Examples
Machine Shops: These job shops produce parts and components based on engineering drawings and specifications provided by their clients. Each job could require custom tooling, specific materials, and unique production processes.
Custom Furniture Makers: These businesses design and create unique pieces of furniture as per individual customer orders. The design, dimensions, materials, and finishes are selected by the customer, making each piece distinctive.
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Manufacturers: These companies produce PCBs based on the custom designs and requirements provided by customers, often used in electronics and specialized equipment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: What industries commonly use job shop manufacturing? A1: Industries such as aerospace, automotive, medical devices, custom furniture, and small-scale engineering use job shop manufacturing to meet specific client needs.
Q2: How does a job shop differ from a traditional manufacturing plant? A2: Traditional manufacturing plants often use mass production techniques to produce identical items in large quantities. In contrast, job shops focus on small batches of customized orders.
Q3: What are the advantages of job shop manufacturing? A3: Job shops offer flexibility in production, can handle diverse and complex orders, and provide high customization. This can lead to higher customer satisfaction due to the tailored products.
Q4: What are the challenges faced by job shops? A4: Challenges include higher production costs, longer lead times, more complex scheduling, and variability in workload.
Q5: Can job shops benefit from automation? A5: Yes, while job shops rely heavily on skilled labor, automation can help in areas such as repetitive tasks, precision machining, and workflow management to improve efficiency and reduce errors.
Related Terms
- Batch Production: A manufacturing technique where components or goods are produced in groups (batches) rather than in a continuous stream.
- Just-In-Time (JIT) Manufacturing: A production strategy that strives to improve a business’s return on investment by reducing in-process inventory and associated carrying costs.
- Custom Manufacturing: Production of goods based on customer specifications rather than for stock inventory.
Online References
Suggested Books
- “Manufacturing Processes for Design Professionals” by Rob Thompson
- “Job Shop Lean” by Shahrukh A. Irani
- “The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement” by Eliyahu M. Goldratt and Jeff Cox
Fundamentals of Job Shop: Business Management Basics Quiz
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