Law

### What defines law within a society? - [x] Legislative pronouncement of rules and conduct enforced by governmental institutions. - [ ] The general habits of its population. - [ ] Predominant religious principles. - [ ] Only verbal agreements between its citizens. > **Explanation:** Law is defined by legislative pronouncement and enforcement by authoritative institutions, unlike general habits, religious principles, or non-binding verbal agreements. ### Which type of law is created by legislative bodies? - [x] Statutory Law - [ ] Common Law - [ ] Customary Law - [ ] Administrative Law > **Explanation:** Statutory law is specifically created by legislative bodies such as Congress, distinguishing it from laws established by court decisions or customary practices. ### Which of these involves rules developed from judicial decisions? - [ ] Statutory Law - [x] Common Law - [ ] Customary Law - [ ] Regulatory Law > **Explanation:** Common Law is based on judicial decisions from former cases, contrasting with statutory laws enacted by legislatures and regulatory laws formed by agencies. ### What purpose does criminal law primarily serve? - [x] To address offenses against the state or public. - [ ] To resolve disputes between individuals. - [ ] To establish business guidelines. - [ ] To dictate workplace safety regulations. > **Explanation:** Criminal law primarily targets offenses that impact the state or public, unlike civil law which pertains to individual disputes or regulatory laws for specific areas. ### How can statutory law impact customary law? - [ ] Customary law always takes precedence. - [ ] They function separately without interaction. - [x] Statutory law can override customary law. - [ ] Customary laws amend statutory laws. > **Explanation:** Statutory law can override customary law when legislated rules conflict with established traditional practices, ensuring legislative decisions hold for consistency. ### Where are rules set by government agencies based on statutory law? - [ ] Legislative halls - [ ] Judiciary courts - [x] Regulations - [ ] Public forums > **Explanation:** Regulations are rules set by government agencies deriving authority from statutory laws, differing from laws made in legislatures or interpreted by judiciary courts. ### Which system of laws does a Supreme Court decision belong to? - [ ] Statutory Law - [x] Case Law - [ ] Regulatory Law - [ ] Customary Law > **Explanation:** Supreme Court decisions belong to Case Law, forming part of the reproducible interpretation of legal principles rather than codified statutes or administrative regulations. ### What feature distinguishes civil law from criminal law? - [x] Civil law resolves disputes between individuals. - [ ] Civil law includes offenses against public interest. - [ ] Civil law mandates administrative functions. - [ ] Civil law enacts customary rights universally. > **Explanation:** Civil law specifically handles disputes between individuals or entities, unlike criminal law which involves punishments for offenses against the state or general public. ### What entity is primarily responsible for interpreting and enforcing the law? - [ ] Legislative bodies - [x] Judiciary - [ ] Executive figures - [ ] Media institutions > **Explanation:** The judiciary interprets and enforces the law through courts, distinguishing it from legislative creators, executive enforcers, or non-government institutions like media. ### Where can one find the fundamental principles according to which a state is governed? - [x] Constitution - [ ] Local bylaws - [ ] State decrees - [ ] Customary agreements > **Explanation:** The Constitution contains a state's foundational principles and governmental precedents unlike less authoritative sources like local bylaws, state decrees, or customs.