Direct investment refers to the purchase of an asset or security directly from the issuer, bypassing financial intermediaries.
The net cost refers to the gross costs of purchasing an asset minus any income received. It provides a monetary value that represents the true cost to the buyer after accounting for rebates, subsidies, or incomes.
The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) was a U.S. government initiative aimed at stabilizing the financial system and restoring bank lending during the subprime mortgage crisis by purchasing up to $700 billion in troubled assets from financial institutions.
