The business cycle refers to the recurrent periods during which a nation's economy moves through phases of recession and recovery. Historical research by economists has identified both short-term and long-term cycles.
An extensive look into what constitutes a business for Value-Added Tax purposes and how it relates to the concept of 'economic activity' as defined in EU VAT Directive.
The Central Business District (CBD) refers to the downtown section of a city, generally consisting of retail, office, hotel, entertainment, and governmental land uses with some high-density housing. It is often considered the heart of economic and commercial activities.
Coincident indicators are economic indicators that coincide with the current pace of economic activity. They provide insight into the current state of the economy by measuring various key areas of economic performance.
A rapid and significant decline in stock prices or economic activity, or a catastrophic hardware or software failure in data processing systems.
Cyclic variation refers to regular and recurring changes in economic activity influenced by factors such as the business cycle or seasonal fluctuations.
The term 'Economic Base' refers to the core industries and businesses within a geographic market area that generate the bulk of the employment and economic activity. These industries drive the local economy by attracting financial resources from outside the area, thus providing income and employment opportunities that support the community. Understanding the economic base is crucial for policymakers and business planners to foster sustainable economic development.
An Economic Cycle refers to the fluctuating levels of economic activity that an economy goes through over a period of time, commonly classified into phases such as expansion, peak, contraction, and trough.
Frictional unemployment is a form of unemployment that occurs naturally within an economy, caused by individuals transitioning between jobs, relocating, and altering their economic activities. It is considered a normal and unavoidable aspect of the labor market.
Liquidity preference is an element of Keynesian economic theory that examines the relative preference of investors to hold money rather than bonds or other investments. It influences the level of economic activity and is related to interest rates and return on investment (ROI).
National Income is a comprehensive measure of the overall economic activity within a country, reflecting the total income earned by the residents of a nation during a specific period, usually a year.
A peak represents the highest point of the business cycle in a particular phase of economic activity, typically characterized by maximum output, employment, and consumer spending.
A planned economy is one where government planning dominates the direction of economic activity, and market forces play a minimal role. Typically associated with socialist and communist economies, as opposed to capitalist economies where market forces are more influential.
A slump denotes a noticeable drop in economic or productive activity. While it indicates a downturn, it is generally less severe than a recession or a depression.
The Trickle Down Theory is an economic concept suggesting that policies benefiting the wealthy and businesses can ultimately benefit lower-income individuals through increased economic activity.
A financial term often used to describe a low point in economic activity, as seen in a 'trough' in the business cycle.
The wealth effect refers to the phenomenon in which an increase in personal wealth—whether actual or perceived—leads to an increase in consumer spending, impacting overall economic activity.
