Scientific Management

Efficiency Engineer
An efficiency engineer, formerly known as a management specialist, analyzes and reports on the effectiveness of operations within an organization. The role arose prominently following the principles laid out by Frederick W. Taylor in his book 'The Principles of Scientific Management,' which advocated for scientific measurement to determine optimal management effectiveness.
Methods-Time Measurement (MTM)
Methods-Time Measurement (MTM) is a predetermined motion time system used for the analysis of work tasks to standardize the time needed to complete a task by determining the average production time interval.
Motion Study
Motion study is the process of analyzing work to determine the most cost-efficient motions for performing tasks. It's a major contribution of scientific management, primarily developed by Frederick W. Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.
Stopwatch Studies
Stopwatch studies are time and motion studies performed on work procedures by management as part of Frederick W. Taylor's Scientific Management. This method involves using a stopwatch to accurately time procedures in performing a job.
Time-and-Motion Study
A time-and-motion study involves measuring the time and movements required to complete specific job tasks. First advocated by Frederick W. Taylor in his book Scientific Management, such studies aim to create a management standard for evaluating individual employee productivity.

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